![]() Saadaoui, M., Rocancourt, D., Roussel, J., Corson, F. This work presents the link between YAP/TAZ regulation and shape control in a vertebrate embryo. YAP is essential for tissue tension to ensure vertebrate 3D body shape. Microgravity, stem cells, and embryonic development: challenges and opportunities for 3D tissue generation. Cadherin-dependent filopodia control preimplantation embryo compaction. Molecular model for force production and transmission during vertebrate gastrulation. The forces that shape embryos: physical aspects of convergent extension by cell intercalation. Actomyosin contractility and microtubules drive apical constriction in Xenopus bottle cells. Gastrulation movements: the logic and the nuts and bolts. ![]() Schwayer, C., Sikora, M., Slováková, J., Kardos, R. Epithelial morphogenesis in embryos: asymmetries, motors and brakes. Actin-based forces driving embryonic morphogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans. Cellular morphogenesis in ascidians: how to shape a simple tadpole. Dynamic interplay of cell fate, polarity and force generation in ascidian embryos. Forces in tissue morphogenesis and patterning. ![]() Physical biology returns to morphogenesis. This review introduces the physical concepts necessary to understand mechanochemical patterning in developing embryos. Turing’s next steps: the mechanochemical basis of morphogenesis. We also highlight recent in vitro approaches using individual embryonic stem cells and self-organizing multicellular models of human embryos, which have been instrumental in expanding our understanding of how mechanics tune cell fate and cellular rearrangements during human embryonic development. Here, we review the insights into mechanical control of early vertebrate development, including the role of forces in tissue patterning and embryonic axis formation. It is now possible to investigate how mechanical signals induce downstream genetic regulatory networks to regulate key developmental processes in the embryo. Despite their prevalence, the role of these forces in embryonic development and their integration with chemical signals have been mostly neglected, and scrutiny in modern molecular embryology tilted, instead, towards the dissection of molecular pathways involved in cell fate determination and patterning. Embryonic cells grow in environments that provide a plethora of physical cues, including mechanical forces that shape the development of the entire embryo.
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